Excellent teaching also embodies effective practices in testing and grading. While testing and grading can take many forms that depend, in part, on course goals and learning activities, sound principles are also necessary. Resources and key questions for testing and grading include those listed here:

• Grading Practices: Do I have clear and fair grading practices in my course? Should I grade "on the curve"? How can I minimize student complaints about grading?

• Grading: How can I ensure that my grading practices are constructive, fair, and accurate? What are some guidelines for grading short answer tests, papers, and essays?

• Feedback on Student Performance: How can I encourage my students to improve by giving them feedback that is informative, meaningful, and constructive?

• Practical Suggestions for Writing Multiple-Choice Questions: What are some useful suggestions for constructing multiple-choice tests?

• Some Techniques for Writing Multiple-Choice Items that Demand Critical Thinking: What are some techniques for writing complex and challenging multiple-choice questions that assess students' critical thinking abilities?

• Assessing Essay Tests: What essay questions can I construct and use to probe different levels of student thinking as represented by Bloom's Taxonomy?

• Pop Quizzes Students Like: What are the benefits of "pop quizzes," and how can I develop and use them in my course?

• Grading Papers: How can I reliably grade student papers and distinguish among different levels of quality for student writing in my course?