| Definitions: Science, Technology, Bio-related Technology Index Bottom Outline based on: Savage, Rossner, and Finke. Bio-Related Technology, Delmar Publishers, 1993. Most definitions of terms are from LearningNetwork Encyclopedia | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bio-related Technology | ||||
| * | bio | . . . from the Greek Bios meaning life. | * | |
| * | ology | ". . . any science or branch of knowledge." | * | |
| * | science | ". . . systematic knowledge" An
example of scientific
classification. . . . from Latin scientia meaning knowledge . . . exact science science which deals with quantitatively measurable phenomena of the material universe. . . . hard science natural or physical sciences in which aspects of the universe are investigated by means of hypotheses and experiments. . . . soft science specialized disciplines such as psychology, sociology, anthropology or political science that interpret human behavior, institutions, society, etc., on the basic of scientific investigations for which it is difficult to establish strictly measurable criteria. . . . social science branches of study that deal with humans and social relations. Specialized disciplines include economics, anthropology, political science, psychology, and sociology. . . . The Branches of Science: The Physical Sciences, Physics, Chemistry and Astronomy; The Earth Sciences, Geology, Oceanography, Palentology, Meterology; The Life Sciences, Botany, Zoology, Genetics and Medicine.
|
* | |
| * | Biology | . . . the science that deals with living
things. . . . biology ". . . the science of life or living matter in all its forms and phenomena, esp. with reference to origin, growth, reproduction, structure, and behavior." . . . broadly divided into zoology the study of animal life, and botany, the study of plant life. Subdivisions of each of these sciences include cytology, the study of cells, histology, the study of tissues, anatomy or morphology, physiology (2), and embryology (2), the study of embryonic development of an individual animal or plant. . . . also included in biological studies are the sciences of genetics, evolution, paleontology, and taxonomy or systematics, the study of classification.Learning Network . . . related fields include: biochemistry, physiological chemistry, biophysics, the physics of life processes, bioclimatology and biogeography, ecology, bioengineering, the design of artificial organis, biometry or biostatistics, biodynamics, bioenergetics, and biomathematics. . . . may also include speciality areas such as marine biology. |
* | |
| * | New Biology | . . . biology which deals with biological phenomena at the molecular level through the study of DNA and RNA, proteins, and other macromolecules which are involved in genetic information and cell functioning. | * | |
| * | techne | . . . | * | |
| * | Technology |
"Broadly speaking, technology is how people modify the natural world to suit
their own purposes. From the Greek word techne,meaning art or artifice or craft, technology literally means the
act of making or crafting, but more generally it refers to the diverse collection of processes and knowledge that people use to extend
human abilities and to satisfy human needs and wants." See What is Technology?,
Standards for Technological Literacy, International Technology Education
Association, and Standards for Technological Literacy PDF 258 pp.
". . . the branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, applied science and pure science. Major branches of technology as a discipline are: bio-related technology, communication technology, construction technology, energy & power technology, and transportation technology. ". . . the terminology of an art, science, etc.; technical nomenclature." ". . . a technological process, invention, method, or the like." ". . . the sum of the ways in which social groups provide themselves with the material objects of their civilization."
|
* | |
| * | Biotechnology |
". . . those techniques that use living organisms to make or modify products,
to improve plants or animals, or to develop microorganisms for specific uses."
United States Office of Technology Assessment ". . . biotechnology, the use of biological processes . . . in the development or manufacture of a product or in the technological solution of a problem. As such, biotechnology is a general category that has applications in pharmacology, medicine, agriculture, and many other fields." LearningNetwork Encyclopedia |
* | |
| * | Bio-related Technology | ". . . the practical application of mechanical
devices, products, substances, or organisms to improve health or contribute to
the harmony between humans and their environment." Savage, p.
xi . . . a broader look at the living world than biology or biotechnology. ". . .a broad field which includes seven major areas: bioengineering, health care, cultivation of plants and animals, fuel and chemical production, waste management and treatment, materials applications, and regulation and safety." |
* | |
| * | Bioengineering | . . . known in the design field as
ergonomics.
Savage Also called human
engineering and human factors engineering. . . . also called biomedical engineering, the application of engineering principles and techniques to problems in medicine and biology, e.g., the design and production of artificial limbs and organs. . . . a branch of engineering that deals with applications of biological processes to the manufacture of products, e.g., use of fermentation to produce beer.
|
* | |
| * | Agriculture | . . . the science and practice of producing crops and livestock from the natural resources of the earth. Branches of modern agriculture include agronomy, horticulture, entomology, animal husbandry, dairying, agricultural engineering, soil chemistry, and agricultural economics. | * | |
| * | Medicine | " . . . the science and art of treating and preventing disease. | * | |
| * | * | * | * | |